from: Dublin; In: Encyclopaedia
Judaica 1971, vol. 6
presented by Michael Palomino
(2007)
![Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248: rules of 1839, title page: Title page of Takkanot [major legislative enactment within halakha (Jewish law), the normative system of Judaism's laws] u-Minhagim [afternoon prayers], the laws and regulations of the Dublin Hebrew Congregation, London 1839. Cecil Roth Collection](EncJud_juden-in-Dublin-d/EncJud_Dublin-band6-kolonne248-regelwerk-titelblatt-1839-60pr.jpg "Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248: rules of 1839, title page: Title page of Takkanot [major legislative enactment within halakha (Jewish law), the normative system of Judaism's laws] u-Minhagim [afternoon prayers], the laws and regulations of the Dublin Hebrew Congregation, London 1839. Cecil Roth Collection")
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248: rules of 1839,
title page: Title page of Takkanot [major legislative enactment within
halakha (Jewish law), the normative
system of Judaism's laws] u-Minhagim [afternoon prayers], the laws and
regulations of the Dublin Hebrew Congregation, London 1839. Cecil Roth
Collection
<DUBLIN,
capital of the Republic of Ireland. A small Jewish group apparently
lived there in the Middle Ages since the Exchequer of the Jews at
Westminster had an Irish branch. In the middle of the 17th century,
some Spanish and Portuguese Marranos settled in the city, including
Francisco and Manuel Lopes Pereira and Jacome Faro. (col. 248)
According to tradition, a synagogue was founded in Crane Lane around
1660. Military operations in Ireland after the revolution of 1689
attracted a few more Sephardi Jews, and the community knew a short
period of relative prosperity.
In 1718 a cemetery was purchased with the assistance of the London
Sephardi community, which advanced the Dublin congregation money to
meet its debts and lent it some scrolls of the Law.
During the 18th century, the original Sephardi element died out, and
was replaced by Ashkenazi immigrants. By 1791 the congregation had
fallen into complete decay and the borrowed scrolls were returned.
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 249: cartoon with
two Jews with old clothes: Two Dublin Jewish old clothes men
caricatured in a 19th-century watercolor and ink drawing. Cecil Roth
Photo Collection.
The community was revived in 1882 by East European immigrants. It
increased considerably with the Russo-Jewish immigration at the close
of the century. Many of the Jews of that time engaged in peddling,
small business, and small financial transactions (moneylending and
pawnbroking). In the course of time the Jews moved into shopkeeping,
manufacturing, and the professions.
[[There is no indication about migration movements between 1918-1968]].
There has been considerable emigration over the years, especially among
the younger generation.
In 1968 the Jewish population numbered approximately 3,600 and
maintained seven synagogues (including one Progressive) with the usual
congregational institutions. James Joyce's
Ulysses depicts certain elements of
Jewish life in Dublin at the beginning of the century. Isaac *Herzog,
later chief rabbi of Israel, was chief rabbi of Dublin 1919-36.
Immanuel *Jakobovits was chief rabbi from 1949 and Isaac Cohen from
1959. Robert *Briscoe was lord mayor from 1956-57 and from 1961-62.
Bibliography
-- B. Shillman: Short History of the Jews in Ireland (1945), passim
-- Shillman and Wolf, in: JHSET, 11 (1924-27), 143-67
-- Huehner, ibid., 5 (1902-05), 224-42
-- C. Roth: Rise of Provincial Jewry (1950), 56f.> (col. 249)
Sources
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Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248
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Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971: Dublin, vol. 6, col. 249
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![Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248: rules of 1839, title page: Title page of Takkanot [major legislative enactment within halakha (Jewish law), the normative system of Judaism's laws] u-Minhagim [afternoon prayers], the laws and regulations of the Dublin Hebrew Congregation, London 1839. Cecil Roth Collection](EncJud_juden-in-Dublin-d/EncJud_Dublin-band6-kolonne248-regelwerk-titelblatt-1839.jpg "Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Dublin, vol. 6, col. 248: rules of 1839, title page: Title page of Takkanot [major legislative enactment within halakha (Jewish law), the normative system of Judaism's laws] u-Minhagim [afternoon prayers], the laws and regulations of the Dublin Hebrew Congregation, London 1839. Cecil Roth Collection")
