Frankreich / France. Index

von / by Michael Palomino

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Versailles 1919

Der Friedensvertrag von Versailles, der kein Friede war. Analyse und Chronologie (aus Ziegler 1933)

Frankreich 1940-1945

NS-Besatzungszeit: Deutsche Besatzungsmacht in Frankreich 1940-1944. Chronologie (Tewes 1998)

Frankreich ab 1945 / France after 1945

Das Massaker von Paris 1961 - weiterhin gilt der Maulkorb gegen die Wahrheit über den französischen Kolonialismus (SF1 2005)
The massacre of Paris of 1961 - the muzzle is going on against the truth about French colonialism

1960er Jahre: Frankreichs Atomtests in Algerien und die Folgen (Meldungen)
Die Atombombentests in den 1960er Jahre in Algerien haben Folgen bis heute

Paris und die Hundehäufchen
Im Jahr 2001 hinterlassen etwa Pariser 200.000 Hunde (»clebs«, Köter) täglich etwa fünfzehn Tonnen Kötel auf den Gehwegen; deshalb wird die Stadt auch »crottes de chiens«, Hauptstadt der Hundekacke, genannt.
(aus: http://www.kartoffel-geschichte.de/Erste_Furche/Bei_den_Flamen/bei_den_flamen.html)

Flugzeugabsturz des Airbus von Air France AF 447 am 31. Mai / 1. Juni 2009 - Analyse (Meldungen)

Juden in Frankreich / Jews in France

1. Jews in France 01: Roman times and Carolingians (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Archelaus - Roman Empire - communities and proselytism - terror of the Church - Carolingian rule favorable to the Jews - professions and migration movements - terror Church - schooling and scholars

2. Jews in France 02: Crusade persecutions and expulsions (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Collaboration libel 1007-1012 because of the Sultan - 1st crusade persecution - 2nd crusade contribution - stake, prison, expulsion - crusade against Albingenses - expulsion from rural spots in 1283 - stake 1288 - general expulsion order in 1306 - expulsion 1322 - Black Death expulsions - general expulsion in 1501 - numbers

3. Jews in France 03: Cultural life in the Middle Ages (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Communities - professions - social regulations - jurisdiction - propaganda of "Christians" and Jews - Jewish synods against criminal anti-Semitic Church - taxes - structures in 15th century

4. Jews in France 04: Resettlement until revolution (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Spanish and Portuguese Jews - deprivations in Bordeaux in 1625 - taxes - quarters - migrations to Alsace-Lorraine - immigration of Dutch and Ukraine Jews - centers Bordeaux and Paris - discussions about equality

5. Jews in France: Revolution 1791 - Napoleon times (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Portuguese and Ashkenazi Jews become Frenchmen - privileges lost - migration movements - Napoleon's regulations - consistorial system - debts elimination in 1806 - residential act - "useful" professions - names act for integration

6. Jews in France 06: Integration 1815-1870 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Rabbis - immigration of Jews from Holland and Rhineland - conversion wave - reform of the Jewish community structures - charity and schooling - Damascus affair 1840 and pogroms in Alsace 1848 - self-defense - and careers - reform Judaism

7. Jews in France 07: France 1871-1918 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Jews from Alsace-Lorraine and from Algeria - anti-Semitism - immigration of Russian and Ottoman Jews - more anti-Semitism - Dreyfus scandal - separation of state and religion in 1905 - Jewish artists - WW I - immigration of Ottoman, East European and German Jews 1919-1939

The Dreyfus Affair 1894-1906 (Encyclopaedia Judaica) English

Anti-Semitism: A Jew blamed and life punishment for nothing - anti-Semitic state's structures in France coming up - Herzl's Zionism as a reaction

8. Jews in France 08: Holocaust 1940-1944 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

The Big Flight to South of France of 1940 - German Nazi occupation - discrimination step by step 1940-1942 - structures of the Jewish organizations - the Vichy zone - concentration camps in France and in Africa - resistance and hideouts

9. Jews in France 09: 1945-1970 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971) English

Immigration waves - professions - organization of the communities - newspapers, radio, and TV - youth organizations - Hebrew in France - de Gaulle speech of 1967 - numbers of 1968

Juden in französischen Regionen / Jews in French regions

Jews in Alsace (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
German rule: Jewish refugees from France - Armleder pogrom 1338 - Black Death persecutions - always expulsion and re-admittance - trade connections - taxes, wars, and badge - French rule with emancipation - Holocaust with flight to central and southern France - Jewish influx from North Africa

Juden in französischen Städten / Jews in French towns

Jews in Belfort (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Privilege of 1307 - expulsions since 1336 - coming back since 1689 - Jewish influx from Alsace-Lorraine after Franco-Prussian war - Holocaust - post-war times

Jews in Bordeaux (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jews since 4th century - English rule 1154-1453 with Jewish taxes - French rule - "Portuguese" and "Avignonese" community - charitable institution "Sedaca", later "Nation" - equality since 1791 - Holocaust deportations - influx of Africa Jews

Jews in Grenoble (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish settlement - expulsion in 1306 and partly coming back - Black Death persecutions in 1348 with Jews on stake - short re-settlement in 1717 with expulsion - definitive re-settlement since 1791s - resistance center during WW II - Jewish refugees after 1945 and from northern Africa

Jews in Lille (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish community since 19th century - NS occupation - many Jewish refugees - deportations - cultural life - 2,800 Jews in 1969

Jews in Limoges (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Refugee center for Alsatian Jews during WW II

Jews in Lyon (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jews since 39 by Caligula - Christians at Jewish religious services - first anti-Jewish agitation since 820 appr. - expulsion in 1420 - new Jews probably from Spain and Portugal - and from other regions of France - cemetery - numbers - rabbis - NS times: Lyon is a "free town" - center of Jewish organizations and racist Zionist organizations - center of resistance against NS government - arrests, torture, deportations, final action at Bron - 1945-1970: immigration from North Africa

Jews in Montpellier (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish refugee zone 1940-1943 - resistance center 1943-1945

Jews in Mulhouse (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Expulsion of the Jews in 1940

Jews in Nancy (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish settlement - expulsion in 1477 - resettlement in 1595 - Jewish bankers - edict of settlement in 1721 - professions and cultural life - Jewish refugees 1871 - Holocaust - post-war period

Jews in Nantes (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish settlement - expulsion in 1240 - influx of Jews from Portugal - professions and cultural life - Holocaust - influx of Jews from northern Africa

Jews in Nice (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish community - ghetto on Giudaria Street since 1430 - influx of Jews from Rhodes (1499) - Italy and Holland (since 1648), and Algeria (1669) - emancipation since 1848 - Holocaust with Italian and German occupations - deportations and resistance with hiding and flight - influx of African Jews

Jews in Nîmes (Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971)
Jewish refugees from central France in 1940 - deportations 1943-1944 - Jewish influx since 1945 and in the 1960s

Jüdische Organisationen in Frankreich / Jewish organizations in France

Alliance Israélite Universelle [[Universal Israeli Alliance]]
Associations Culturelles de France et d'Algérie ("Union of the Religious Associations of France and Algeria")
Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives [[General Office on Jewish Questions]]
Union Générale des Israélites de France (UGIF) [[General Union of the Israelites of France]]
Fédération des Sociétés Juives de France (F.S.J.F.) [[Federation of Jewish Societies of France]]
Union Libérale Israélite [[Liberal Israelite Union]]

Armée Juive (A.J.) [[Jewish Army]]
Mouvement des Jeunesses Sionistes (M.J.S.) [[Young Zionist Movement]]
Organisation Juive de Combat (O.J.C.) [[Yewish Fighting Organisation]]

Consistoire Central Israélite de France et d'Algérie [[Central Israelite Consistory of France and Algeria]]
École Rabbinique [[Rabbinical School]]
Séminaire Israélite de France [[Israelite Seminary of France]]
Conseil Représentatif du Judaisme Traditionnaliste de France (C.R.J.T.F.) [[Representative Counsil of Traditionalist Judaism of France]]
Institut International d'Études Hébraïques [[International Institute of Hebrew Studies]]

Conseil Représentatif des Juifs de France (C.R.I.F.) [[Representative Counsil of Jews in France]]
Fonds Social Juif Unifié (F.S.J.U.) [[Jewish Unified Social Funds]]
Appel Unifié pour Israël (United Israel Appeal)
Appel Unifié Juif de France [[Unified Appeal of France]]
Institut Français de l'Opinion Publique [[French Institute of Public Opinion]]

Besatzungszeit / temps d'occupation

Détachements de prestataires de travail (forced labour detachments)