[A.]
Austria
[6.3. NS Austria: At least 150,000 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4
Jews
etc. - at least 335,246 persons counted as Jews under NS rule]
[Emigration by IKG - at least
150,000 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 Jews - 30,000 emigrate by summer 1939]
Emigration through IKG was slow in starting. From the first days of
Nazi rule a parallel emigration office operated under the auspices of
Frank van Gheel-Gildemeester, son of a Dutch court chaplain, whose
actual intentions and connections with the Germans have not quite been
cleared up to this day. His main concern was with the so-called
non-Aryans, that is, converted Jews or descendants of Jews who fell
under the definition of a Jew by Nazi standards. There were at least
150,000 of these in Austria, and Gildemeester claims that 30,000 had
emigrated by the summer of 1939.
(End note 16: Germany-"G", institutions and organizations)
[By this the number there are 185,246 plus at least 150,000 are at
least 335,246 people defined as Jews. For East European Jews there is
no Zentralstelle to emigrate...].
JDC had to give up its attempt to establish an American Jew as
Table
16: Persons Fed in Vienna in 1938
|
Month
|
March
|
May
|
June
|
August
|
September
|
No. fed
|
3,789
|
9,000
|
10,995
|
11,522
|
13,323
|
|
|
|
|
|
Also,
7,000 food packages
were
sent to people in their homes.
|
(End
note 17: Sources:
-- Fortnightly Digest, 24/25 and
-- R28, 1938 report.
The relief problem in
Austria had some troublesome implications. In "old" Germany the
government was at that time still supporting Jewish relief to the
extent of about 600,000-700,000 marks monthly. In Austria, JDC and
other foreign organizations were expected to foot the bill. If they
did, the Germans might demand that they do it in Germany as well; if
they did not, the Jewish poor would starve and be deported to
concentration camps as "asocial elements". The upshot, of course, was
that JDC paid).
|
(p.228)
its representative in Vienna. Apart from other considerations, the U.S.
government was disinclined to
sanction such a move.
