Encyclopaedia Judaica
Jewry: Migration 01: until 1881
Migration waves before 1881 - motives for migration - the
"Christians" using the Jews: pattern - numbers
from: Migration; In: Encyclopaedia Judaica 1971, Vol. 16
presented by Michael Palomino (2007)
Jewry: Migration until 1881 -- Migration waves before 1881 - motives
for migration -- Emigration movements before and in Torah times --
Emigration movements since 1391 -- Supplement: How the "Christians" use
the Jews - there are patterns -- Migration movements since 1881 -- The
motivations of Jewish migration movements -- Numbers: 3 1/4 mio. Jews
worldwide in 1800 appr. - 7 1/2 mio. Jews worldwide in 1881 appr. --
the "Christians" using the Jews: pattern - numbers --
<MIGRATIONS.
[Emigration movements before and
in Torah
times]
Jewish migrations have a history of thousands of years: the wanderings
of the Patriarchs, the Exodus from Egypt, the Babylonian Exile, the
existence of Jewish groups outside Erez Israel in the Second Temple
period; the dispersion on the Jewish people in the Roman and Near
Eastern empires after the destruction of the Second Temple;
[[The latest research of Jewish
archaeologists says that the Second
Temple was the only one]].
[Emigration movements since 1391]
the spread of the Jews to many countries of the Christian and Islamic
world; the attraction of Jews to places with favorable conditions, and,
on the other hand, (col. 1518)
departures from countries as a consequence of persecutions and
expulsions culminating in the scattering of the Jews of the Iberian
Peninsula and the settlement of some Jews (and Marranos) in the New
World since the early stages of the European colonization.
In small numbers, Jews made their way to the Holy Land throughout the
ages of the Diaspora. From the second third of the 19th century, a
noticeable stream of Jewish migration flowed from Europe to the United
States.> (col. 1519)
[[Supplement: How the "Christians"
use the Jews - there are patterns
Until 1848 there can be seen a pattern that the Jews are welcomed for
installing businesses, and then the Jews are driven out ant the
"Christians" take over the businesses. So after the Roman Empire the
Jews could come to Europe, and then were driven out to Eastern Europe
and the "Christians" took over their businesses. They could come to
Spain and Portugal, and then they were driven out to Africa and
Holland, and the "Christians" took over their businesses. The Jews
could spread out from Holland to Germany, and then the "Catholic" NS
Regime took over their businesses and bribed the neighbouring states
with Jewish businesses. This is a superordinate pattern of action. The
criminal church and the Pope are not taking measures to protect the
Jews ideologically, and the "holy books" of the Jews do not protect the
"Christians" either. So, the religions should sign the Human Rights but
are never doing so.
Until 1945 for economical crisis there is always a general blame of
"the Jews" to be the scapegoat also when it's obvious that the reasons
for economical crisis are others, and also when it's obvious that many
Jews are impoverishing by the crisis. After the installation of the
global bank system some rich Jews take revenge and refuse investments
when "Christians" are in crisis, e.g. after the global crash in 1873,
or after the global crash in 1929. But many Jews also are impoverishing
by this, and nobody finds a solution. The scapegoat propaganda machine
is working until this propaganda pattern is stopped. Only then also the
propaganda machine has to begin to think what is the reason for
economic crisis, but sometimes cannot begin to think until now]].
<[Numbers:
3 1/4 mio. Jews worldwide in 1800 appr. - 7 1/2 mio. Jews worldwide in
1881 appr.]
At the beginning of the 19th century there were approximately
three-and-a-quarter million Jews in the world, of whom
-- two and three-quarter million were in Europe, mostly Ashkenazim, and
-- about half a million were outside Europe, mostly Sephardim.
At the beginning of the 1880s there were seven-and-a-half million Jews,
of whom about seven million were in Europe, mostly Ashkenazim (see
*Demography; *Vital Statistics). The rate of growth of the Jewish
population was almost everywhere twice that of the general population,
even in backward countries. This was at a time of a great growth of
*population everywhere.
The Jewish population naturally benefited from its concentration in
Europe, where the gains of medicine and preventive hygiene first made
their mark, as well as from their concentration in towns, where again
these cultural advances first had their effects. However the
specifically high Jewish rate of growth was mainly due to two factors:
to a much lower infant mortality and to the good care taken of the ill
and aged. Here old cultural-religious traditions gave an advantage to
the Jewish population. As a result of the developments in population
growth and migration the distribution of Jews in the world at the
beginning of the 1880s was approximately
-- four million in [[racist "Christian"]] czarist Russia,
-- one-and-a-half million in [[racist "Christian" kaiser]]
Austria-Hungary,
-- 550,000 in united [[racist "Christian" kaiser]] Germany,
-- approximately 300,000 in the [[Muslim]] Ottoman Empire,
-- and approximately 200,000 in the [[criminal racist "Christian"]]
United States.> (col. 721)
[Migration movements since 1881]
<The modern period of intensive Jewish migration began in 1881.
Since
then, migrations have completely changed the world map of the
geographical distribution of the Jews. In the demographic history of
mankind, this period is generally characterized by the relative
frequency of intercontinental migrations, especially from Europe; the
Jews, however, exceeded by far other peoples of similar or superior
size in the relative volume of long-distance migration. The world
Jewish population at the beginning of the 1880s, which is estimated to
have been more than 7 1/2 million, is almost equaled by the number of
Jews who have taken part in international migrations since then (c. 6
million in intercontinental migrations).
[The motivations of Jewish
migration movements]
Another feature characterizing Jewish migrations is the motivation
behind them. Whereas individuals from other nations migrated over great
distances primarily for economic motives, the great majority of Jews
also tried to escape discrimination and were in fact refugees
especially since the 1930s; on the other hand, aliyah to Erez Israel
was often based on idealistic motives [[and racist motives against
Arabs by the Zionists]]. Consequently, whereas a considerable portion
of the economically motivated migrants from other nations eventually
returned to their countries of origin, remigration was much rarer among
Jews.
When a substantial number of Jewish migrants had reached a country,
further Jewish immigration was thereby facilitated (except for
instances of worsening of the political or economic situation in the
country or of the immigration regulations). The established Jews tended
to assist - whether individually or through organizations - in the
arrival and establishment of their fellow Jews.
The changes in environmental influences produced by migration have
strongly contributed to profound alterations in the economic, social,
and demographic characteristics of the Jews in recent generations.
Moreover, migrations have removed, before it became too late, large
numbers of Jews from areas where they would otherwise have (col. 1519)
been faces with the danger of physical destruction. The Nazi
persecutions might have come much closer to their aim of a genocidal
"final solution" had it not been for the preceding large-scale
emigration from Europe.> (col. 1520)
Sources
|
|
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Migrations, Vol. 16, col. 1518
|
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): Migrations, Vol. 16, col. 1519-1520
|
Encyclopaedia Judaica (1971): History, vol. 8, col. 721-722
|
